Company Registration Number in Romania: J Number, CUI and EUID Explained
> Romania has no single company registration number. A company has three: the J number, the CUI and the EUID. The register issues the J number, the trade register number. ANAF issues the CUI on the register's data. The EUID is used between EU registers. The registration certificate shows all three. Which one a form means depends on the form's own label.
What is the company registration number in Romania?
Every company in the trade register has a trade register number, the J number (număr de ordine în registrul comerțului). The numbering starts from 1 each year and is allocated nationally (art. 7 Law 265/2022, 2022 text). ANAF assigns the CUI from the register's data. The EUID is used between EU registers.
You can buy an existing SRL, the Romanian limited liability company, through a share transfer in Romania. You then take over a company that already holds these numbers. A later section says which of them stay.
The law calls the J number an order number (număr de ordine). It calls the CUI a unique registration code (cod unic de înregistrare). A form that asks for a "company registration number" is therefore ambiguous. No text we read says which number it means, so follow the form's own label.
Sole traders sit in their own register (art. 7(1)(c)). In ONRC's data they take the letter F in the national form of the J number. The VAT code and the NIF are related numbers, not registration numbers.
How do the J number, the CUI, the EUID and the VAT code differ?
Each identifier has its own issuer and its own article. The VAT code and the NIF are in the table only to keep them apart.
| Identifier | Issued by | Legal basis | Form | Printed on | On a share transfer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J number, număr de ordine în registrul comerțului | ONRC and the county trade register offices | art. 7(2) Law 265/2022 | Letter, county code, sequence and year (J40/630/1992), or 14 characters (J2024019239006) | Registration certificate (art. 110(1)); business documents and website (art. 74 Law 31/1990) | No text we read changes it; a reformat after a registered change is reported, not confirmed |
| CUI, cod unic de înregistrare | ANAF, on the data the register sends it | art. 125 to 127 Law 265/2022; art. 82(1)(b) Fiscal Procedure Code | Digits only, with no RO prefix, in ONRC's data | Registration certificate; business documents (art. 128 Law 265/2022; art. 74 Law 31/1990) | Unchanged: used for the legal person's whole existence (art. 127(2)) |
| EUID, European unique identifier | ONRC | art. 10 Law 265/2022; art. 16 Directive (EU) 2017/1132 | ROONRC. plus the J number, in ONRC's data | Registration certificate (art. 110(1)) | Follows the J number in the data |
| VAT code | ANAF, on a VAT registration | art. 318(1) Fiscal Code | RO plus the CUI, for a VAT-registered company only | VAT invoices (art. 319(20)(d) and (f) Fiscal Code) | Not extended from the CUI: whether it survives a transfer is open |
| NIF, număr de identificare fiscală | ANAF | art. 83(1) Fiscal Procedure Code | An individual's number, not the company's | Not a company document: it identifies a person | ONRC requests it for a non-resident individual buyer or administrator with the filing |
What does a Romanian J number look like?
The older form of a J number reads letter, county code, sequence and year, as in J40/630/1992. We read the first 838,061 records of ONRC's open data of 9 January 2026. In all 721,464 older-form records among them, the year in the number equals the registration year.
The national form has 14 characters, as in J2024019239006. First comes a letter: J for companies, F for authorised individuals and individual or family enterprises, C for cooperatives. Then come the year of registration, a 6-digit sequence, a 2-digit county code and a check digit. These parts are as observed in the data, not as defined by law. No text we read publishes the check-digit algorithm.
Older J number
J40/630/1992
- Jletter
- 40county code
- 630sequence
- 1992year
National J number
J2024019239006
- Jletter
- 2024year
- 0192396-digit sequence
- 00county code
- 6check digit
EUID
for example ROONRC.J40/630/1992
- ROONRC.
- followed by the J number as printed
CUI
- digits only
- no RO prefix
- RO plus the CUIthe VAT code of a VAT-registered company
Parts as observed in ONRC’s open data of 9 January 2026, not as defined by law; sample of the first 838,061 records read.
In the same sample, county code 00 sits on 41,415 of the 41,481 national-form records with a registration date of 26 July 2024 or later. It sits on none dated earlier. ONRC's explanation was reported, but we did not read the order behind it, so this is a pattern, not a rule. Both forms are live (721,464 older and 116,587 national records). A company registered before July 2024 may show either.
Which real records show the two forms of the J number?
Three records from ONRC's open data, each with the company name omitted.
| Form | Pattern | Example record, name omitted | Registered | EUID in the data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Older form | Letter, county code, sequence, year | J40/630/1992 (an SRL) | 13/01/1992 | ROONRC.J40/630/1992 |
| National form, company registered in 1991 | Letter, year, sequence, county code, check digit | J1991014779406 | 29/11/1991 | ROONRC.J1991014779406 |
| National form, county code 00 | Letter, year, sequence, county code, check digit | J2024019239006 (an SRL) | 30/08/2024 | ROONRC.J2024019239006 |
Source: ONRC, "Firme înregistrate la Registrul Comerțului", data.gov.ro, snapshot of 9 January 2026, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. The counts on this page describe a sample, the first 838,061 records read, not the register.
What is the CUI, and what does it look like?
ANAF assigns the CUI on the data the trade register sends it (art. 125 and 126 Law 265/2022). For a company at the trade register it is also the fiscal identification code, the CIF (art. 82(1)(b) Fiscal Procedure Code). The guide to the CUI of a Romanian company covers the CUI as a tax code, the CIF and the NIF.
ANAF sets the structure of the CUI, not the law. The law states no length or check digit (art. 126(3)). In ONRC's data the CUI is stored as digits only, without the RO prefix.
In the same sample the last digit behaves as a check digit. This holds for 550,168 of 550,201 SRL values of 3 or more digits. It is a typing check, not proof that a company exists. It is a pattern in official data, not ANAF's or the law's rule, so we give no weights.
What is the EUID, and what does a Romanian one look like?
Under EU rules the unique identifier has at least these elements. They are the Member State of the register, the domestic register of origin and the company number in that register (art. 16(1) Directive (EU) 2017/1132, as replaced by Directive (EU) 2019/1151). The interconnection rules add an optional verification digit (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1042). The Romanian SRL is a covered type (Annex II).
In ONRC's data the Romanian EUID is ROONRC. followed by the J number as printed, for example ROONRC.J40/630/1992. The two agree in 838,050 of the 838,061 records read. This describes the data, not a rule of Romanian law. The law leaves the structure to a Ministry of Justice order that we did not read (art. 10 Law 265/2022).
Does the registration number change when you buy the company?
The CUI does not change. It is used for the whole existence of the legal person (art. 127(2) Law 265/2022, 2022 text). ANAF withdraws the code only when the legal person ceases to exist (art. 90(3) Fiscal Procedure Code). A share transfer changes who owns the company, not the company. This is our reading of those articles, not a quoted rule.
We read art. 7(2) to mean that the J number belongs to the company, not to its owners. No text we read makes a share transfer change it, and we make no promise either way. One change is reported but unconfirmed. Reports say an older-form number is reformatted to the national form after a registered change of name, seat, main object or legal form. The EUID follows. We did not read the order behind the report.
The VAT code is a separate question. Whether it survives a transfer is open. On our analysis, the risk comes through the new majority shareholder's fiscal record (art. 316(11)(c)(2) Fiscal Code).
Buying an existing company and want the numbers matched?
We assemble the transfer file and the checks before a purchase. A Bar-registered lawyer drafts the deed.
Where must the numbers be printed, and what is the fine?
Besides the certificate, the law requires the company to show its J number and CUI (Law 31/1990, text of January 2024).
- Invoices, offers, orders, price lists, prospectuses and other business documents show the name, legal form, registered office, J number and CUI (art. 74(1) Law 31/1990).
- The company's own website carries the same details (art. 74(5)).
- An SRL also states its share capital (art. 74(3)).
- The trade register law repeats the duty for the name, seat and CUI (art. 128 Law 265/2022, 2022 text).
- A VAT invoice shows the supplier's VAT code or, without one, its fiscal identification code. It also shows the customer's code if the customer is a taxable person or a non-taxable legal person (art. 319(20)(d) and (f) Fiscal Code).
- A breach of art. 74 is a contravention fined 2,500 to 5,000 lei (art. 270^3(1)). The control bodies of the Ministry of Finance apply the fine, that is ANAF and its territorial units (art. 270^3(3)).
- We found no grace period after a change of the printed numbers, so we state none.
How do you check a Romanian company's numbers before you pay?
Six checks, in this order, with public sources.
Collect the numbers
Take the J number, CUI and EUID from the seller's registration certificate (art. 110(1) Law 265/2022). The J number and CUI are also on its invoices, offers and website footer (art. 74(1) and (5) Law 31/1990).
Check their form
A company's number normally starts with J, in either form. The EUID is
ROONRC.plus the J number. The CUI is digits only. In ONRC's data its last digit fits a check pattern, which is a typing check at most.Match ONRC's free public data
Name, form, seat, J number, EUID, CUI, status and legal representatives are public (art. 12(1)). The open-data file is a bulk download, not a search. ONRC is the register itself.
Check the CUI at the Ministry of Finance
The lookup returns registration data, filed returns, six years of balance sheets and records of arrears.
Read ANAF's registers
Check the CUI in ANAF's VAT register and in its register of inactive taxpayers. For that register, see the inactive-taxpayer status guide. Check an RO number in VIES (art. 31(1) Regulation (EU) No 904/2010).
Order the extract for a certificate of the registered data
You order the certificat constatator at your own cost (art. 11(1)).
A number that does not agree across these sources is a discrepancy to resolve before paying. For the tax side, see the ANAF tax certificate page.
Which free lookups return which number?
The ONRC data, the Ministry lookup and ANAF's VAT and inactive registers are free. The extract is paid.
| Lookup | Run by | What it returns | Cost and limits |
|---|---|---|---|
| ONRC public data | ONRC | J number, EUID, CUI, status and legal representatives (art. 12(1) Law 265/2022) | Free of charge |
| ONRC open-data file | ONRC, published on data.gov.ro | Name, CUI, J number, registration date, EUID, legal form and address of the firms in the snapshot of 9 January 2026 | Free under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0, attribution required; a bulk file of 676,163,209 bytes, not a per-company search |
| Ministry of Finance lookup | Ministry of Finance | Registration data, filed returns, six years of balance sheets and records of arrears | Free; takes the numeric CUI |
| ANAF VAT register | ANAF | The company's entry in the VAT register | Free; searched by fiscal code |
| ANAF register of inactive taxpayers | ANAF | Whether a taxpayer is inactive or reactivated | Free; searched by fiscal code or name |
| ANAF RO e-Factura web service | ANAF | Name, address, register status and dates | Queried by CUI as a plain integer with no RO prefix, up to 100 CUIs per request |
| VIES | The EU (art. 31(1) Regulation (EU) No 904/2010) | Whether an RO number is valid, with the holder's name and address | No cost stated in the texts we read |
| Extract, certificat constatator | ONRC | A certificate of the company's registered data (art. 11(1) Law 265/2022) | Paid, at your own cost |
What happens to the numbers when the shares change hands?
How the numbers move through a share transfer.
law a term set by law law (2022 text) a term of the 2022 text of Law 265/2022
from the act of transfer
- 1
The act of transfer
- 2
ANAF is notified
- law within 15 days of the transfer
- law any SRL member since 9 March 2026
- 3
The change is filed at ONRC
- law within 15 days of the act
- 4
The registrar decides
- law (2022 text) within one working day of the filing request; later amendments not read
- 5
The ONRC entry
- law the transfer binds third parties from the entry
- 6
ONRC issues the certificate of registered changes
the numbers
- A
The CUI
- unchanged
- B
The J number and the EUID
- reported, unconfirmed a reformat after a registered change of name, seat, main object or legal form
- C
The VAT code
- open
A lawyer drafts the acts
A Bar-registered lawyer drafts the deed, the shareholders' resolution, the administrator's appointment and any change of name or seat (art. 3(1)(c) and 3(2) Law 51/1995). The parties sign the deed the lawyer drafted.
Foreign documents are prepared
They keep their original form where a treaty or EU rule removes the formality. Otherwise an apostille (other Hague states) or superlegalisation applies. A legalised Romanian translation always goes with them (art. 76 Law 265/2022). An attorney who files needs a notarised power of attorney (or a lawyer's mandate).
ANAF is notified
The company, the seller or the buyer notifies ANAF within 15 days of the transfer. A CECCAR accountant or a lawyer acting for them can do it too (art. V(1)(a) Law 239/2025). Since 9 March 2026 the duty covers the shares of any SRL member (OUG 13/2026). We prepare the file.
The change is filed at ONRC
The legal representative, an attorney or a lawyer files the change (mențiune) within 15 days of the act (art. 43(1)). The application is signed by hand or with a qualified electronic signature (art. 82(1)). The registrar decides within one working day (art. 105(1), 2022 text, later amendments not read). For a non-resident individual buyer or administrator, ONRC requests a NIF with the filing (art. 83(1) Fiscal Procedure Code).
The entry binds third parties
The transfer binds them from the ONRC entry only (art. 203(2) Law 31/1990). ONRC then issues the certificate of registered changes (art. 110(2) Law 265/2022).
The certificates are compared
The buyer compares the J number and EUID in ONRC's public data (art. 12(1)) with the old registration certificate. A reformat is reported, not confirmed.
The documents are updated
The administrator and the company's accounting staff, or a CECCAR member under contract, update the documents. These are the invoice and offer templates, the website footer and the share capital statement (art. 74 Law 31/1990).
Is there an EU company number you can use abroad?
The EUID today
The identifier that links the Member States' registers. It is printed on the Romanian registration certificate. In ONRC's data it is ROONRC. plus the J number.
The EU Company Certificate
All Member States accept it as sufficient evidence of incorporation. For a limited liability company it carries the registration number and the EUID. Each company can obtain it free at least once per calendar year (art. 16b Directive (EU) 2017/1132, as amended by Directive (EU) 2025/25).
When it applies
Member States must adopt and publish the measures by 31 July 2027. They apply them from 31 July 2028 (art. 4). This means it is not a current document. We did not read the Romanian transposition.
Sources: the statutes and registers cited
Each statement above rests on one of these. The Fiscal Code, Law 51/1995, Directive (EU) 2017/1132, Directive (EU) 2019/1151 and Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1042 are cited by name only. ONRC's own site is the register itself, linked as such, and supports no quoted fact.
- Law 265/2022 on the trade register, 2022 text, later amendments not read: art. 7, 10, 11, 12, 43, 76, 82, 105, 110 and 125 to 128.
- Law 31/1990 on companies, text of January 2024: art. 74, 203 and 270^3.
- Fiscal Procedure Code: art. 82, 83 and 90.
- Law 239/2025, article V: the 15-day notification of a share transfer.
- OUG 13/2026, article I, Monitorul Oficial no. 181 of 9 March 2026: the shares of any SRL member.
- ONRC open data of 9 January 2026, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0: the examples and formats.
- Ministry of Finance lookup by CUI: a company's data by numeric CUI.
- ANAF VAT register: searched by fiscal code.
- ANAF register of inactive taxpayers: inactive and reactivated taxpayers.
- ONRC, the trade register: the register itself.
- Directive (EU) 2025/25, art. 16b and art. 4: the EU Company Certificate and its dates.
- Regulation (EU) No 904/2010, art. 31(1): VIES.
Frequently asked questions
What is the company registration number in Romania?
There is no single one. A company has three numbers. The register issues the J number, the trade register number. ANAF issues the CUI on the register's data. The EUID is used between EU registers. The registration certificate shows all three (art. 110(1) Law 265/2022), so it is the document to read.
What does a Romanian J number look like?
Two forms are live. The older one is a letter, county code, sequence and year, as in J40/630/1992. The national one has 14 characters: letter, year, 6-digit sequence, county code and check digit, as in J2024019239006. Both appear in ONRC's open data of 9 January 2026. The law texts we read set neither form.
What does the 00 in a new J number mean?
In ONRC's open data, county code 00 sits in 41,415 of the 41,481 national-form records dated 26 July 2024 or later in the sample read. It sits in none dated earlier. ONRC's own explanation was reported, but we did not read the order behind it. This describes the data, not a rule.
Is the CUI the same as the registration number?
No. Both are issued at registration, but by different bodies. The CUI is the fiscal identification code of a trade-register company (art. 82(1)(b) Fiscal Procedure Code). The J number is the register's order number (art. 7(2) Law 265/2022). Which of the two a form calls a registration number depends on the form's own label.
What does a Romanian CUI look like?
Digits only, with no RO prefix. ANAF sets the structure, and the law states no length (art. 126(3) Law 265/2022). No digit count is a rule, so check the number itself against ANAF's and the Ministry of Finance's public data before you rely on it.
How do I check a Romanian company's registration number online?
Use ONRC's public data (J number, EUID, CUI) or its open-data file. Use the Ministry of Finance lookup by CUI, ANAF's VAT, inactive-taxpayer and e-Factura registers, and VIES for an RO number. The ONRC data, open-data file, Ministry lookup and ANAF's VAT and inactive registers are free. The extract, the certificat constatator, is paid, at your own cost.
What is the EUID, and what does a Romanian one look like?
It is the identifier used between EU registers: country code, register identifier, registration number and an optional verification digit. In ONRC's data a Romanian EUID is ROONRC. plus the J number, as in ROONRC.J40/630/1992. A Ministry of Justice order fixes the Romanian structure (art. 10 Law 265/2022). We did not read it.
Where must the numbers be printed?
The J number and the CUI go on every invoice, offer, order, price list, prospectus and other trade document. The website carries them too (art. 74(1) and (5) Law 31/1990, text of January 2024). An SRL also states its share capital. Electronic cash-register receipts are exempt. Law 265/2022 repeats the duty for the name, seat and CUI (art. 128).
What happens if I leave them out?
Leaving them out is a contravention of art. 74 Law 31/1990. It is fined 2,500 to 5,000 lei (art. 270^3(1)). The control bodies of the Ministry of Finance, that is ANAF and its territorial units, find and apply the fine (art. 270^3(3)). We found no grace period after a change of the printed numbers.
Does the registration number change when I buy the company?
The CUI does not change. It lasts as long as the legal person (art. 127(2) Law 265/2022). The J number is the company's, not its owners', and no text we read makes a transfer change it. A reformat after a registered change of name, seat, main object or legal form is reported and unconfirmed. We promise neither outcome.
Is the VAT number the same as the CUI?
The VAT number is RO plus the CUI (art. 318(1) Fiscal Code). It exists only for a VAT-registered company. Whether it survives a share transfer is a separate, open question. This page does not extend the continuity of the CUI to the VAT code.
Which document shows all three numbers?
The registration certificate (certificat de înregistrare) shows the J number, the CUI and the EUID (art. 110(1) Law 265/2022). A registered change (mențiune) is shown by the certificate of registered changes. ONRC issues it with the registrar's decision (art. 110(2)). After a transfer, compare the J number and EUID in ONRC's public data with the old certificate.
Is there an EU company number I can use abroad?
The EU Company Certificate carries the registration number and the EUID. Every Member State accepts it as sufficient evidence of incorporation. Each company can obtain it free at least once per calendar year (art. 16b Directive (EU) 2017/1132, as amended). Member States apply the rules from 31 July 2028, so it is not a current document.
How do I check a CUI before buying a ready-made SRL?
Match it, with the J number and the EUID, across the seller's registration certificate, ONRC's data, the Ministry of Finance lookup and ANAF's registers. In ONRC's data the CUI's last digit fits a check pattern, which is a typing check at most. Resolve any number that does not agree before paying.
What is the ID number in Romania, and is the NIF a company number?
For a company the identifiers are the J number, the CUI and the EUID. The NIF is an individual's tax number. ONRC requests it for a non-resident individual member or administrator on a share transfer (art. 83(1) Fiscal Procedure Code). This page does not cover personal identity numbers.
Ready to see how the share transfer runs?
How a share transfer in Romania runs, from the ANAF notice to the ONRC entry, and what we prepare for it.